Unit 1 · Digital Information · Lesson 1.14 · Test

Test Day

You take the Unit 1 test in class today. This page is everything you can do before it — what is on it, how to revise, and a practice set. There are no test questions here.

Big Idea 2 — DataAssessment — review only

Before this lesson

No new reading. Everything on the test comes from lessons 1.1–1.13. The fastest revision is the drill in 1.13, not re-reading.

1

Where We Are

People→ Bits→ Programs→ Internet→ Security→ Big Data→ Impact

Last stop in Bits. The test is not a new idea — it is a checkpoint on the three weeks behind you. Tomorrow, in 1.15, you get the test back and we move on to Programs.

2

What’s on the Test

70 points, 40 minutes. Fifteen multiple-choice questions worth 4 points each, plus one short written response worth 10. No calculator — every number is small enough to do on paper. There is no penalty for a wrong guess, so never leave one blank.

The fifteen multiple-choice questions are spread across the unit in roughly these proportions. This is the map of where the points are — study to it.

What it testsFromRoughly
Binary ↔ decimal conversion1.1, 1.23–4 Q
How many values in n bits / largest value1.1, 1.32 Q
Overflow vs round-off (which failure is which)1.32–3 Q
Text as bits — ASCII and Unicode1.42 Q
Images — pixels, RGB, counting bits per pixel1.51–2 Q
Analog vs digital, sampling1.61–2 Q
Compression — lossless vs lossy, and choosing1.8, 1.92 Q
Abstraction used correctly in context1.71 Q
The written response. One scenario, and you pick a side and defend it — the classic shape is “lossless or lossy for this situation, and why.” The points are in the reasoning, not the choice: name the tradeoff, tie it to the specific situation, and use at least one unit term (bit, encoding, abstraction, lossless, lossy, sampling) correctly. A right answer with no reasoning earns partial credit at best. Practice one below in section 5.
3

How to Review — in the Last 20 Minutes

Re-reading the lessons feels productive and mostly isn’t. Retrieval — making yourself produce the answer before you check — is what actually moves a grade. Here is the order that pays off fastest:

The 20-minute plan

1. Say the unit in one breath (2 min). Out loud: “how does the world turn into bits, and what goes wrong on the way?” If you stall, you just found tonight’s study target.

2. Run the five traps (5 min). Below. These are the pairs that actually cost marks.

3. Drill conversions cold (5 min). Open the practice tools and do binary↔decimal until three in a row are automatic.

4. Take the practice set (8 min). Section 4 on this page — fresh questions, none of them on the real test.

The five traps

Every one of these has shown up on a real exam. Thirty seconds each:

Don’t confuseThe one-line difference
bit vs byteA bit is one 0 or 1. A byte is 8 of them — so a count in bits is bigger.
2n vs 2n−12n is how many patterns. 2n−1 is the largest value, because 0 uses one up.
overflow vs round-offOverflow = the number was too big (sudden wrong value). Round-off = too precise (slow drift).
analog vs digitalAnalog is continuous. Digital is a finite set of discrete values.
lossless vs lossyLossless gives the original back exactly. Lossy does not, ever.

Want the interactive version of all this? Lesson 1.13 has the map-rebuild puzzle and a drill on all 22 vocabulary terms. That is the single best 15 minutes of revision on the site.

4

Practice Set

Six mixed questions in AP format, sampled across the whole unit. None of these is on the real test — they are for calibration. Pick an answer to see feedback immediately.

0 of 6 answered
5

Written-Response Practice

Try one, the way the real one is scored

Prompt. A hospital stores X-ray images so that radiologists can examine them for hairline fractures. Storage space is limited, and someone suggests compressing the images to fit more of them. Should the hospital use lossless or lossy compression here? Justify your answer, and use the word lossy correctly in your explanation.

Write three or four sentences before you open the checklist below.

What a full-credit answer does — check yours against this:

□ Picks a side clearly. Lossless. (Saying “it depends” without committing earns nothing.)

□ Names the tradeoff. Lossy compression permanently discards data to save space; lossless keeps every bit and reconstructs the original exactly.

□ Ties it to this situation. A hairline fracture might be a few faint pixels. Lossy compression could throw exactly those away, changing a diagnosis — so the space saving is not worth the risk here.

□ Uses the term correctly. “Lossy would discard detail that cannot be recovered” — not just the word dropped in a sentence.

The one habit that scores

The recurring skill the AP written responses reward is refusing to over-claim. Don’t write “lossy is always bad.” Write “lossy is the wrong choice here, because…” The word here is worth a point.

6

Connections

Came from all of Unit 1 — nothing on the test is new. If a topic in the section 2 table feels shaky, that is the lesson to reopen right now.
Next is 1.15 — you get the test back, find your own error pattern, and do the “how big is a minute of video?” estimate that previews why Unit 5’s data is big.
Opens Unit 2 — you stop asking “how is this stored” and start asking “how do I tell the machine what to do.” Every representation you were tested on today stays underneath.
Returns on the AP exam — Big Idea 2 is 17–22% of the exam, and about half of that is this unit. Getting it automatic now is the cheapest it will ever be.
← 1.13 Rebuild the Map